FCI标准:
FCI-Standard N° 335 / 17. 05. 1993 / GB
CENTRAL ASIA SHEPHERD DOG
(Sredneasiatska?a Ovtcharka)
TRANSLATION : Mrs Peggy Davis.
ORIGIN : Russia.
DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE ORIGINAL VALID STANDARD : 1989.
CLASSIFICATION F.C.I. :
Group 2Pinscher and Schauzer type-Molossian type and SwissCattledogs.
Section 2.2 Molossian type / Mountaintype.
FCI标准号:335 / 17. 05. 1993 / GB
中亚牧羊犬
翻译:皮杰 戴维斯
原生地:俄罗斯
初始有效标准公布日期:1989年
类属FCI:第二组平犬和史纳沙型—马洛斯型和瑞士牧牛部分2.2 马洛斯型 / 山地型
The shepherd dogs from central Asia are dogs of above average and great size, of a coarse constitution, strong, bold, wary of strangers, not very demanding, who adapt easily to different climatic conditions. All that allows the shepherd dog of Central Asia to be used widely in the different regions of the country. The principal regions of penetration of the Central Asia shepherd dogs are the republics of Central Asia and the regions surrounding them.
中亚牧羊犬是体型很大的狗,有粗壮的身体构造,强壮,胆大,不信任外人,要求不高,能轻松适应各种气候条件,因此,中亚牧羊犬可以被广泛使用在这些中亚国家不同的地域,中亚牧羊犬主要分布在中部亚洲共和国及其周边地区。
TYPE OF CONSTITUTION : Coarse, with a massive bone structure and a powerful musculature. One often comes across dogs of this breed who have a tendency to being soft, lacking in energy. The thick skin with a well developed and sufficiently elastic sub-cutaneous tissue, often forms folds in the region of the neck.
体质类型:粗糙,有结实的骨骼结构和强有力的肌肉组织。某些和这个品种杂交的狗通常有变得柔和的倾向,缺乏活力。厚厚的皮肤和发育良好弹性十足的皮下组织,通常会在脖子的区域形成皱褶。
Faults : Obesity.
Severe faults: Weak constitution, rickety, muscular weakness.
缺点:肥胖
严重缺点:虚弱的体质,软骨病,肌肉无力。
FORMAT INDEX : Males :100-105
Females :102-108
标准指标:雄性:100-105
雌性:102-108
Faults : Slight deviation from the indicated format index.
Severe faults : Important deviations in relation to the format index.
缺点:轻微背离身体标准指标数据。
严重缺点:严重背离身体标准指标数据
HEIGHT AT THE WITHERS : Males not less than 65 cm.
Females not less than 60 cm.
肩胛骨高度:雄性:不低于65厘米。
雌性:不低于60厘米。
Faults : Height at the withes between 64 and 60 cm for the males; between 60 and 58 cm for the females.
Important faults : Height at the withers below 60 cm for the males, below 58 cm for the females.
缺点:雄性肩胛骨高度在60-64厘米之间;雌性肩胛骨高度在60-58厘米之间。
重大缺点:雄性肩胛骨高度低于60厘米,雌性肩胛骨高度低于58厘米。
CHARACTERISTICS OF BEHAVIOUR : Type of great nervous activity; balanced, calm. The predominant reaction is of defence in an active way.
行为特征:非常活力充沛,平和,安静,防卫时以积极的方式主动反应。
Faults : Lack of excessive energy, timid character.
Important faults : Great excitability, cowardice.
缺点:缺乏活力,不自信。
重大缺点:兴奋过度,怯弱胆小。
SEX TYPE : Well accentuated. The males are more viril, stronger and more massive than the females. The sexual dimorphism is clearly obvious.
性别形态:特征明显。雄性更雄壮,和雌性比起来更强壮更魁梧。两性特征区分明显。
Important faults : Males of feminine type. Unilateral and bilateral cryptorchids.
重要缺点:雄性雌性化形态。单睾或隐睾。
COAT : Coarse hair, straight with a well developed undercoat. On the head and on the foreface of the legs, the hair is short, flat against the skin. The dogs are distinguished according to the length of their coat : a) long-haired (7 - 8 cm) on the back and the surface of the body, especially on the ears, the neck, the back of the fore and hindquarters and on the tail.
被毛:粗糙的被毛,直,有发育良好的底绒毛。头部和腿的前颜面,被毛短,平服在皮肤上。这种狗依照被毛的长度分为:a)长毛型(7-8厘米)覆盖背部和身体表面,特别在耳朵,脖子,前后腿的背面及臀部以及尾巴。b)短毛性(3-5厘米)平滑的被毛。
b) short-haired (3 – 5 cm) and smooth.
Important faults : Very short coat without undercoat, hair soft, wavy or curly.
重要缺点:非常短的被毛无底绒,柔软的被毛,波状或卷曲的被毛。
COLOUR : White, black, grey, straw, ginger (rusty), grey-brown, brindled, piebold and speckled.
颜色:白,黑,灰,枯草色,淡赤黄色(铁锈色),灰褐,斑纹,黑白花和带斑点的。
HEAD : Massive, wide in the skull region with strongly developed zygomatics. Forehead flat, stop hardly visible. The muzzle is a little shorter than the length of the skull, wide between the eyes, hardly narrowing towards the nose. Seen from the front and from above, the muzzle appears rectangular, whereas in profile it has a truncated shape with an heavy upper lip which hangs at the corners of the mouth. The nose is strong and black. In the light coloured dogs, a brown nose is allowed.
头:厚重结实,头骨宽阔有发育良好的面颊骨。前额平坦,鼻梁不明显。口吻部略短于头部长度,眼距宽,指向鼻子的方向几乎不变狭窄。不论从前面还是上面看,口鼻部分都呈明显的矩形,然而在侧面看是直切的形状,厚重的上唇悬吊于嘴角。鼻子大且黑。浅色的狗,棕色的鼻子是允许的。
Faults : Light head, zygomatic arches very prominent, bulging forehead, very pronounced stop, superciliary arches prominent, short or long muzzle. Wrinkled skin on head.
Important faults : Narrow head, light, pointed and upturned muzzle.
缺点:轻巧的头部,面颊骨拱起非常明显,前额突起,非常明显的鼻梁,眉弓突出,过长或短的口鼻,头部皮肤起皱。
重要缺点:狭窄而小的头,尖和上翘的口鼻部。
EARS : Small, hanging, low set, of triangular shape (cropped short on puppies).
Faults : High set ears, not cropped.
耳朵:小,悬吊,低位,三角形(婴儿期裁切)。
缺点:高位,没裁切。
EYES : Dark, wide apart, rounded, set straight.
Faults : Light eyes or set on the slant, drooping lids. White speek on the eye.
眼睛:深色,眼距宽,圆形,直视前方。
缺点:浅色眼睛或者斜视,眼睑下垂。眼睛上有白色斑点。
TEETH : White, strong, fitting tightly. The incisors are set a the base in on line. Scissor bite.
Faults : Worn teeth in such way disproportionate to the age. Presence of broken teeth without deformity of the bite. Absence of more than two first premolars or absence of a first and a second premolar.
Slight yellowing of the teeth.
Important faults : Teeth small, sparse. Incisors irregularly placed. All deviation in relation to the normal scissor bite. Absence of one incisor or one canine. Absence of a third or a fourth premolar or of one molar. Teeth with badly damaged enamel.
牙齿:白,强壮,生长紧密。门齿位置都在一个直线上。剪式咬合。
缺点:不合年龄比例的坏牙。非畸形咬合的断齿。缺少超过两个第一前臼齿或者一个第一和一个第二前臼齿。
重要缺点:细小稀疏的牙齿。门齿位置不规则。所有不合正规的剪式咬合的咬合,缺少一个门齿或一个犬齿。缺少一个第三或者一个第四前臼齿或者一个臼齿。珐琅质严重损坏的牙齿。
NECK : Short, muscular, carried low, forming an angle of about 30° to 40° with the line of the back.
Faults : Long neck with insufficient muscle. Dewlap very obvious.
脖子:短,肌肉强健,不笨重,与背线呈30°-40°角。
缺点:肌肉缺乏的过长的脖子,喉部赘肉极其明显。
CHEST : Wide, deep, with rounded ribs. The lower line of the chest is either at elbow level or lower.
Faults : Flat chest, rather small. Skin definitely hanging below the chest.
Important faults : Very flat chest, narrow, small, insufficiently developed.
肋部:宽阔,深,圆润的肋骨。胸的底线达到或者低于肘部水平。
缺点:平坦而且相当小的胸腔。皮肤明显悬吊于胸的下面。
重要缺点:非常平坦的胸部,狭窄,小,发育不健全。
ABDOMEN (belly) : Moderately tucked up.
Faults : Abdomen (belly) too tucked up (as in a greyhound) or drooping (voluminous).
腹部:适当收腹。
缺点:腹部收起过度(象格力犬)或者下垂。
WITHERS : High, well defined, especially in the males. The height at the withers is of 1 or 2 cm superior to the height at the rump.
Faults : Withers low, insufficiently marked above the line of the back.
肩胛骨:高,明显,雄性更为明显。肩胛骨的高度比臀部高度高1或2厘米。
缺点:肩胛骨低,在背线之上没有明显的突起标志。 |